![]() Night-time temperatures and wind speeds are much lower, which means lower evaporative losses during irrigation. The irrigation cycle should end early enough before sunrise to allow excess water to soak into the landscape so that the leaves will dry in the normal time period. The best time of day to begin irrigation is after nightfall. ![]() In effect, the resident who applied 1 inch of water only received the benefit from 0.7 inches. Estimates of water loss during daytime irrigation range from 20% to 30%, depending on humidity, wind speed, and temperature. In addition, water applications from sprinklers are more susceptible to drift and evaporation because of the previously mentioned climatic factors and because wind speeds are typically higher during the day. It is best to take a more preventative approach and prepare plants for this stress rather than a curative approach and irrigate plants when they are already stressed. This is when plants work the hardest to deal with the stress associated with mid-day climatic factors such as high temperatures, strong solar radiation (Figure 1), and lower humidity. Evapotranspiration is greatest during the hottest hours of the day (10:00 am to 4:00 pm). Evapotranspiration is the combination of (a) the loss of water by transpiration of plants, and (b) evaporation from soil and plant surfaces. Water Conservation & Time of Dayįrom a water conservation standpoint, daytime is a poor time to irrigate. In all practicality, disease is not increased except when lawns are routinely over-irrigated. ![]() ![]() Very few people consider night irrigation to be a viable alternative due to concerns of increased disease pressure. One group suggests that early morning is the best time, while another group claims that afternoon is the best. In certain areas, small ditches are made in different locations of the irrigation land, so that water from the ditches may percolate and nourish the crops, which also is a method of sub-surface irrigation system.The best time of day to irrigate is the subject of some debate. This irrigation type is very costly and employed for crops that provide high returns and profit. In the artificial sub-irrigation system, artificial water channels are provided in the underground and water is supplied to the crops under the action of capillarity. This way, when underground irrigation is achieved without any additional effort, it is defined as natural sub-surface irrigation. This water leakage may also increase the water level of underground water which also helps to nourish the crops. The water moves through the subsoil and may irrigate the crops nearby. There are possibilities of water leakage from the water channels or pipes. Sub-surface irrigation can be performed either naturally or artificially. After this, occasional natural rainfall is sufficient for the maturity of the crops. This makes the soil completely saturated. The perennial irrigation is also called as Controlled Irrigation.įlood irrigation also called inundation irrigation is an irrigation method that intentionally creates a flooded land condition. If a dam is constructed across the river and the stored water is used to perform irrigation, then it is called storage irrigation.ĭirect irrigation is the simplest and most economical perennial irrigation. If the irrigation water is taken by diverting the river runoff to the main canal by the construction of a diversion weir, then this irrigation is called as direct irrigation. This system supply water to the crops through a canal distribution system that takes off from a weir or a reservoir. This irrigation system guarantees continuous and constant water supply to the crops throughout the crop period as per the requirement of the crop. Flow irrigation is again classified into: In this type of irrigation, the water available at higher levels is allowed to move to the crops present in the lower level by the action of gravity. ![]() Surface irrigation is again divided into Flow Irrigation and Lift irrigation. Irrigation can be broadly divided into two main types, namely: The main types of irrigation are briefly explained in this article. Irrigation is defined as the science of artificially providing water to the land in accordance with the "crop requirement" throughout the "crop period" for the complete nourishment of the plant. ![]()
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